In the life of every problem comes when a person is forced to think about his health.
You go to the doctor complaining of feeling unwell and ask for help.
To properly diagnose you and to choose an effective treatment, the doctor may refer to all sorts of medical tests.
In any human body undergoes irreversible changes, for which reason changing the composition of blood, and certainly for the worse.
In order to determine the quality of numerical and blood hemogram take a blood capillary study.
When blood sampling is used strictly sterile, and special accessories.
Before taking blood samples, skin carefully disinfected with alcohol, first blood while brand name viagra often blurred wool, and only after that the blood is taken for the study.
With biochemical studies, mainly used blood from the veins.
The process of taking venous blood more enjoyable than taking blood from the capillary vessels.
One adverse consequence of hematoma, therefore, at the end of the fence should be bent elbow.
There are all sorts of types of tests necessary to heal.
The most productive and popular called a urinalysis and blood.
They are taken in special laboratories.
Usually we do blood tests right in the clinics, however, that if your analysis of rare and important, it's not ideal.
In general, it can be very expensive.
However, the correct finding specialized centers without intermediaries.
That's all I understood only after attending a scientific laboratory "Toksilab", which, incidentally, is not expensive - recommend!
I offered to go to address leading to the wedding. Quality of service was the highest, the work was done fairly quickly and at the appointed time.
In this center I learned that is common blood test for vitamins.
This is especially true in our time during the perpetual fatigue.
The main essence of the study is to find vitamins, are low in human blood and in what quantities they're separated.
In humans, blood is always a certain part of a variety of vitamins.
If the quantitative content of one vitamin to become more or less, every man becomes worse.
Various vitamins may affect a variety of biological processes in human blood and blood test for vitamin will give an opportunity to highlight the elements required by the body.
For example,
in the absence of vitamin D in the blood of children will develop rahitizma, the older it insufficient number denoted in the near exhaustion and a high temper.
Lack of vitamin B 1 can cause a disorder of the nervous system, depression, weakening of muscles, the deviation in the coordination of movement. With a lack of vitamin C should be expected to increase in fatigue, reduced immune system, sleep disorders, as well as weakness in the afternoon.
Deficiency of vitamin A can cause a drop in the immune system.
Due to lack of vitamin B9 slows the production process of blood that can Viagra is relationships tablet lead to the manifestation of anemia. Also at the same time characterized by weakness, blednota, problems with memory.
In principle, this analysis does not make any clinic on the grounds that this would require a professional, expensive equipment.
Symptoms of some diseases can be attributed not only to gipovitaminnym states. What kind of changes in blood chemistry to determine the real sensitive in the laboratory Toksilab.
You always have the opportunity to generate tests for trace elements, testing for infections, toxicological studies, the analysis on sexual infections, urinary steroid profile, and other key types of analysis.
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Monday, December 27, 2010
Perinatal encephalopathy
Complex phrase perinatal encephalopathy found in the vocabulary of children's doctors, and, consequently, parents are often surprising. At least half the readers looked into outpatient card your child has a real chance to find there the famous acronym PET - which, in fact, stands as perinatal encephalopathy.
The Russian translation of this medical term is not very simple. But we will try.
"Peri" - (Greek peri-) prefix, meaning "lying around, outside, at anything." "Natal" - from the Latin. natus - born. It is easy to conclude that the essence of the concept of "perinatal" - associated with childbirth, which occurs before, during, after childbirth, there is even a phrase - "perinatal" and science "perinatology". Has, apparently, the meaning immediately clear that perinatology calls perinatal interval, ranging from 28-week intrauterine fetal life and ending with the seventh day after rozhdeniya1.
The word "Patiala," derives from the Greek pathos-, translated as "disease", "suffering". Also Greek enkefalos - the brain. Well, get along "encephalopathy" - a brain disease.
Disease of the brain - the notion of vague, it is not surprising that encephalopathy - not a specific disease but a term that brings together a number of variety of diseases of the brain. It becomes apparent that diagnose, treat and cure encephalopathy can not in principle, because both can be treated with non-specific concept.
This implies that once the term "encephalopathy" pronounced, it must add other explanatory words. It usually receives - to determine the name of the disease to the word "encephalopathy" is added to the appropriate adjective, indicating a causal factor, cause disease (damage) of the brain.
For example, bilirubin encephalopathy (brain damage associated with high levels of bilirubin), hypoxic encephalopathy (brain damage brand name viagra associated with oxygen deficiency), ischemic encephalopathy (brain damage associated with ischemic attack). It is quite clear and need no detailed explanations such phrases as diabetic encephalopathy, traumatic encephalopathy, alcoholic encephalopathy.
There is no doubt that without the qualifying adjective the word "encephalopathy" makes no sense and means something like: "with a brain that something is wrong." And in this aspect of the word "perinatal" looks at least strange, because in no way clarifies the nature of brain damage. This term only indicates the time interval when these changes occurred.
It turns out that the term "perinatal encephalopathy" intelligibly translated into Russian is simply impossible - well, roughly, "with brains that something is wrong because of the damage before birth, during or immediately after childbirth." What's wrong? But who knows ...
Given the above information, the readers, perhaps, and do not be surprised to the fact that the diagnosis of perinatal encephalopathy "is not in the international classification of diseases and is not used anywhere in the world, except, of course, the CIS countries.
Called disease-specific name, or even if veiled, but to say "with a brain that something is wrong - fundamentally different things.
The nervous system of children in general and the brain in particular is developing very quickly. In the development of occasionally having all sorts of incomprehensibility, appear, disappear and fade away reflexes, rapidly changing responses to the environment, improving the senses, is undergoing significant changes in the range of motion, etc., etc. Medical science has to work hard and tried all of these changes systematize. Hence, numerous works with information on the rules that should be, and what not, that may be what is permissible, which can never be. And since analyzed and subjected to hundreds of Uncertainty, something must go beyond the deadline and rules.
And then on the agenda will be a question about the diagnosis ...
A diagnosis, guided by the international classification of diseases, will not succeed. But there are specific complaints and problems: we have a chin trembles, we wept for 30 minutes without stopping, and yesterday srygnuli much as four times, and last week very strongly to jerk his feet, etc.
Algorithm relationship pediatrician and parents in the national mentality absolutely does not allow phrases like "everything is fine, leave the child alone" or "calm down, grow." The standard procedure for any medical and parental contact begins with the question 'what complaining about? "And ends with a specific diagnosis. A situation in which the parents all happy - an amazing rarity. Medical examination, during which will not be detected any deviation from the rules, deadlines and standards - a unique phenomenon. The combination of rare and unique - it is beyond comment.
At the same time, complaints, and identified during the inspection abnormality very often the diagnosis, strictly speaking, do not pull. Well, not everything is perfect, well, not as something, well, not quite true in some places, but there is no reason to treat-escape-screened ... But to pronounce, let alone to write the phrase "something wrong" or "with brains something wrong "- is there finally and irrevocably undermine the credibility of medical science in general and specific doctor in particular.
And here comes to the aid of a remarkable diagnosis - "perinatal encephalopathy". The diagnosis is extremely convenient because of its foreign scholarship and uncertainties.
There is another very interesting nuance. Specific neurological diagnosis - a real cause for serious treatment, often in a hospital. Hence, a clear trend to the fact that the closer to the hospital - the more clarity and certainty. Not surprisingly, in this regard that in hospitals, offices, pathology of newborn and children's neurological hospital diagnosis of perinatal encephalopathy "does not occur almost never. Where there is reason to seriously treat, not without serious and meaningful diagnosis.
We illustrate this by the following examples.
The most common form of encephalopathy among young children - so-called. hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy - brain damage due to lack of oxygen and cerebral circulatory disorders in the perinatal period. Now the numbers: According to reputable foreign and domestic medical textbook "Fundamentals of Perinatology, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in term neonates with a frequency of 1,8-8 per 1000 children, ie, 0,18-0, 8%.
The same data, the share of HIE to about half of all perinatal injuries of the nervous system.
Here we have in mind the following. Among the identified perinatal diseases of the nervous system produce: the already mentioned we have hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, birth trauma, infections, congenital anomalies and metabolic disorders. So, roughly half - is HIE, the second half - all the rest.
It is easy to calculate that if the proportion of STI has 0,8%, then all together - 1,6%, maximum of 2%. These figures relate to full term children. Premature, they are about 10% of the lesions in the nervous system occur more frequently, so that totals can safely increase in 2 more times.
To summarize all this arithmetic. A specific diagnosis of perinatal damage to the nervous system can be installed in 4% of children at the same time perinatal encephalopathy detected in children's clinics in our country, 50% of children, and in some hospitals this figure rises to 70%!
Once again I ask you think about these fantastic figures: specific, requiring the treatment of diseases of the nervous system there are a maximum of 4% of children, but every other mom goes to the pharmacy for medicine "for the brain."
It was these trips to the pharmacy is an important link in this topic. Because what happens: half the children are diagnosed you with a brain that something is wrong ", which translated from Russian into brand name drugsmedical sounds like" perinatal encephalopathy ". It would seem, well, what's so terrible? Well spoke, wrote, went home at last! But it did not work, because of complaints as follows diagnosis, since it follows from diagnosis treatment. For the ring so it is said "A" (perinatal encephalopathy), so to speak "B" (- drink of these tabletochki). And if the above "B" does not say is meant to be indifferent and inattentive. How can we do nothing, if such a terrible diagnosis!
Treatment of perinatal injuries of the nervous system drugs - is generally a separate issue. The fact is that after exposure to a child's brain damaging factors (trauma, anoxia, etc.) begins the period of acute encephalopathy, which lasts for 3-4 weeks. It is in the acute period must have an active drug therapy that can seriously affect the outcome of the disease. Followed by the so-called. recovery period, when the effectiveness of pharmacological agents is very small and focuses on fundamentally different methods of care - massage, physiotherapy, etc.
It is easy to conclude that the visits to the children's clinic will never occur in the acute stage of illness, so that even with serious neurological problems with the drugs in most cases is unnecessary and pointless. What can we say about the disease or unserious about nebolezni in principle ...
And in this aspect indefinitely multiplied by scientists, but did not require nor non-binding term "perinatal encephalopathy" is a particular evil. It is evil, because quite often initiates the action and the phenomenon completely unnecessary and sometimes dangerous - experiments with drugs, restrictions on normal life, walking on medical institutions, economic loss, emotional stress.
To eradicate this evil is almost impossible. You can only change the attitude towards it. Change attitudes and to understand the most-most importantly: perinatal encephalopathy - this is no reason to flee, and sad. After all, if your child found a perinatal encephalopathy, since it means that he has no serious, specific and dangerous diseases. This time, it's little things, it will itself is formed, will grow.
And it is a reason to smile and be patient.
The Russian translation of this medical term is not very simple. But we will try.
"Peri" - (Greek peri-) prefix, meaning "lying around, outside, at anything." "Natal" - from the Latin. natus - born. It is easy to conclude that the essence of the concept of "perinatal" - associated with childbirth, which occurs before, during, after childbirth, there is even a phrase - "perinatal" and science "perinatology". Has, apparently, the meaning immediately clear that perinatology calls perinatal interval, ranging from 28-week intrauterine fetal life and ending with the seventh day after rozhdeniya1.
The word "Patiala," derives from the Greek pathos-, translated as "disease", "suffering". Also Greek enkefalos - the brain. Well, get along "encephalopathy" - a brain disease.
Disease of the brain - the notion of vague, it is not surprising that encephalopathy - not a specific disease but a term that brings together a number of variety of diseases of the brain. It becomes apparent that diagnose, treat and cure encephalopathy can not in principle, because both can be treated with non-specific concept.
This implies that once the term "encephalopathy" pronounced, it must add other explanatory words. It usually receives - to determine the name of the disease to the word "encephalopathy" is added to the appropriate adjective, indicating a causal factor, cause disease (damage) of the brain.
For example, bilirubin encephalopathy (brain damage associated with high levels of bilirubin), hypoxic encephalopathy (brain damage brand name viagra associated with oxygen deficiency), ischemic encephalopathy (brain damage associated with ischemic attack). It is quite clear and need no detailed explanations such phrases as diabetic encephalopathy, traumatic encephalopathy, alcoholic encephalopathy.
There is no doubt that without the qualifying adjective the word "encephalopathy" makes no sense and means something like: "with a brain that something is wrong." And in this aspect of the word "perinatal" looks at least strange, because in no way clarifies the nature of brain damage. This term only indicates the time interval when these changes occurred.
It turns out that the term "perinatal encephalopathy" intelligibly translated into Russian is simply impossible - well, roughly, "with brains that something is wrong because of the damage before birth, during or immediately after childbirth." What's wrong? But who knows ...
Given the above information, the readers, perhaps, and do not be surprised to the fact that the diagnosis of perinatal encephalopathy "is not in the international classification of diseases and is not used anywhere in the world, except, of course, the CIS countries.
Called disease-specific name, or even if veiled, but to say "with a brain that something is wrong - fundamentally different things.
The nervous system of children in general and the brain in particular is developing very quickly. In the development of occasionally having all sorts of incomprehensibility, appear, disappear and fade away reflexes, rapidly changing responses to the environment, improving the senses, is undergoing significant changes in the range of motion, etc., etc. Medical science has to work hard and tried all of these changes systematize. Hence, numerous works with information on the rules that should be, and what not, that may be what is permissible, which can never be. And since analyzed and subjected to hundreds of Uncertainty, something must go beyond the deadline and rules.
And then on the agenda will be a question about the diagnosis ...
A diagnosis, guided by the international classification of diseases, will not succeed. But there are specific complaints and problems: we have a chin trembles, we wept for 30 minutes without stopping, and yesterday srygnuli much as four times, and last week very strongly to jerk his feet, etc.
Algorithm relationship pediatrician and parents in the national mentality absolutely does not allow phrases like "everything is fine, leave the child alone" or "calm down, grow." The standard procedure for any medical and parental contact begins with the question 'what complaining about? "And ends with a specific diagnosis. A situation in which the parents all happy - an amazing rarity. Medical examination, during which will not be detected any deviation from the rules, deadlines and standards - a unique phenomenon. The combination of rare and unique - it is beyond comment.
At the same time, complaints, and identified during the inspection abnormality very often the diagnosis, strictly speaking, do not pull. Well, not everything is perfect, well, not as something, well, not quite true in some places, but there is no reason to treat-escape-screened ... But to pronounce, let alone to write the phrase "something wrong" or "with brains something wrong "- is there finally and irrevocably undermine the credibility of medical science in general and specific doctor in particular.
And here comes to the aid of a remarkable diagnosis - "perinatal encephalopathy". The diagnosis is extremely convenient because of its foreign scholarship and uncertainties.
There is another very interesting nuance. Specific neurological diagnosis - a real cause for serious treatment, often in a hospital. Hence, a clear trend to the fact that the closer to the hospital - the more clarity and certainty. Not surprisingly, in this regard that in hospitals, offices, pathology of newborn and children's neurological hospital diagnosis of perinatal encephalopathy "does not occur almost never. Where there is reason to seriously treat, not without serious and meaningful diagnosis.
We illustrate this by the following examples.
The most common form of encephalopathy among young children - so-called. hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy - brain damage due to lack of oxygen and cerebral circulatory disorders in the perinatal period. Now the numbers: According to reputable foreign and domestic medical textbook "Fundamentals of Perinatology, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in term neonates with a frequency of 1,8-8 per 1000 children, ie, 0,18-0, 8%.
The same data, the share of HIE to about half of all perinatal injuries of the nervous system.
Here we have in mind the following. Among the identified perinatal diseases of the nervous system produce: the already mentioned we have hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, birth trauma, infections, congenital anomalies and metabolic disorders. So, roughly half - is HIE, the second half - all the rest.
It is easy to calculate that if the proportion of STI has 0,8%, then all together - 1,6%, maximum of 2%. These figures relate to full term children. Premature, they are about 10% of the lesions in the nervous system occur more frequently, so that totals can safely increase in 2 more times.
To summarize all this arithmetic. A specific diagnosis of perinatal damage to the nervous system can be installed in 4% of children at the same time perinatal encephalopathy detected in children's clinics in our country, 50% of children, and in some hospitals this figure rises to 70%!
Once again I ask you think about these fantastic figures: specific, requiring the treatment of diseases of the nervous system there are a maximum of 4% of children, but every other mom goes to the pharmacy for medicine "for the brain."
It was these trips to the pharmacy is an important link in this topic. Because what happens: half the children are diagnosed you with a brain that something is wrong ", which translated from Russian into brand name drugsmedical sounds like" perinatal encephalopathy ". It would seem, well, what's so terrible? Well spoke, wrote, went home at last! But it did not work, because of complaints as follows diagnosis, since it follows from diagnosis treatment. For the ring so it is said "A" (perinatal encephalopathy), so to speak "B" (- drink of these tabletochki). And if the above "B" does not say is meant to be indifferent and inattentive. How can we do nothing, if such a terrible diagnosis!
Treatment of perinatal injuries of the nervous system drugs - is generally a separate issue. The fact is that after exposure to a child's brain damaging factors (trauma, anoxia, etc.) begins the period of acute encephalopathy, which lasts for 3-4 weeks. It is in the acute period must have an active drug therapy that can seriously affect the outcome of the disease. Followed by the so-called. recovery period, when the effectiveness of pharmacological agents is very small and focuses on fundamentally different methods of care - massage, physiotherapy, etc.
It is easy to conclude that the visits to the children's clinic will never occur in the acute stage of illness, so that even with serious neurological problems with the drugs in most cases is unnecessary and pointless. What can we say about the disease or unserious about nebolezni in principle ...
And in this aspect indefinitely multiplied by scientists, but did not require nor non-binding term "perinatal encephalopathy" is a particular evil. It is evil, because quite often initiates the action and the phenomenon completely unnecessary and sometimes dangerous - experiments with drugs, restrictions on normal life, walking on medical institutions, economic loss, emotional stress.
To eradicate this evil is almost impossible. You can only change the attitude towards it. Change attitudes and to understand the most-most importantly: perinatal encephalopathy - this is no reason to flee, and sad. After all, if your child found a perinatal encephalopathy, since it means that he has no serious, specific and dangerous diseases. This time, it's little things, it will itself is formed, will grow.
And it is a reason to smile and be patient.
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